Mppsc Blog by Bharti

§ Introduction :-  ∆) Born - Calcutta  (1863). ∆} He was a Hindu Monk  from India. ∆} His teachings  & philosophy  are re-interpretation & synthesis of various strands of Hindu thought, most notably -- Yoga  & Advaita Vedanta . ∆} He believed in the mantra of s imple living  & high thinking . ∆} He inspired the youths to be brave  & fearless  & ready to take challenges. ∆} He blended the religion  with nationalism . ∆} He was influenced by  western ideas  as -- Universalism  via Unitarian  missionaries who collaborated with Brahma Samaj . ∆} He was emphasis on "Nirvikalpa Samadhi " on Advaita Vedanta . ∆} He was born in Kayastha family  in Kolkata .  ∆} His father was a popular lawyer  at Kolkata Highcourt   . ∆} After the death of his father in 1884 , the burden of maintaining the family fell on him. ∆} Nationalism  was prominent theme in Vivekananda's tho...

§Introduction :-  ∆} Born-Death - (1824-1883),  ( Gujarat-Ajmer). ∆} Childhood name- Mulshankar Tiwari . ∆} Influenced by- Kashayap , Patanjali , Panini  & Kanad . ∆} Religion - Hinduism . ∆} Nationality - Indian . ∆} Philosophy - Vedic . ∆} Enormous devotee of Lord Shiva . ∆} Guru- Swami Virjanand . ∆} He was a SANYASI  from boyhood. ∆} He empathized the Vedic ideals of Brahmacharya,  including - Celibacy  &   Devotion of God . ∆} He belonged to Auditya Brahmin Sub-Division .  ∆} He founded- Arya Samaj  in Bombay  in 1875 .  ∆}  He opposed the - Child Marriage , Untouchability  & Caste System . § Political Thoughts :- ∆} Swami Dayanand was not a social thinker, but a social reformer , but he made a special place in both. ∆}His political views found in both texts- Satyarth Prakash  & Rigvedadi Bhashya Bhumika . ∆} Voice for Self Government  & Swarajya  - first...

∆} Ecology :- "It is the scientific study of relationship of living organisms with each other & with their environment." ∆} " Oikos " :- Home or place to live in  & "Logos " :- Study " Study of home of nature " ∆} Environmental resources of energy flow  & mineral cycling . ∆} Ecological principals or concepts are described in the classical texts of Vedic period  as Vedas , Samhitas,    Brahmanas , Aranyaka  & Upanishads . ∆} Surgical text -  Sushrutasamhita . ∆} Information of land, water, air & season were indispensable for the life & that polluted air  & water  were injurious to health - Charak Samhita . ∆} Environment :- "Everything that surrounds or affect an organism during its lifetime, called environment." {Total sum of living  & non-living  components} ∆} All organisms are dependent on other organisms  & environment  for - food , energy , water , oxygen , ...

§Pollution :- "It is an addition or excessive addition  of certain materials to physical environment, making it unfit for life." § Pollutants :- "These are factors  or materials - which cause adverse impact on natural quality of environment. " ∆} Primary Pollutants :- These persist in the form in which they are added to the environment. Examples:- DDT , Plastics . ∆} Secondary Pollutants :- These are formed by interaction among primary pollutants. Examples:- PAN  + N2O & Hydrocarbons   ∆} PAN :- Peroxyacetyl Nitrate ∆} Qualitative Pollutants :- Don't occur in nature and man-made. Examples:-  Fungicide,   Herbicide  & DDT . ∆} Quantitative Pollutants :- Occur in nature & become pollutant when their concentration reaches beyond threshold level. Examples:- CO2 , NO . ∆} Biodegradable Pollutants :- These're waste products  , which are degraded by microbial action . Examples :- Sewage   ∆} Non-Biodegradable Pollutants :- P...

§ Ramsar Wetland Sites :- #) "Ramsar wetland sites are wetlands that're listed on the list of wetlands of international importance." #) Also known as - wetland list . #) As per, the year of 2024 , the number of 85  wetlands are present in India. #) Highest number of wetlands are found in the state of Tamilnadu  (18) followed by the state of Uttar Pradesh  (10), Odisha& Punjab (6). #) Ramsar wetland sites found in 23 States  of the India. #) List of Ramsar wetland sites in India, given below are - 1) Laddakh (2):- Tsokar WC, Tsomoriri lake 2) J&K (5):- Hokersar WC, Hygam, Sallabugh, Surinsar-Mansar lake, Wular lake  3) Himachal Pradesh (3):- Chandra Taal, Pong dam lake, Renuka lake  4) Uttarakhand (1):- Asan Barrage  5)  Bihar  (3):- Nagi BS, Nakti BS, Kanwar lake 6) Uttar Pradesh (10):- Saman BS, Sur Sarovar, Sarsai Nawar Jheel, Nawabganj BS, Samaspur BS, Sandi BS, Parvati Aranga BS, Upper Ganga river, Haidarpur Wetland, ...

§ Biodiversity :- "The variety of life on the Earth, including different types of plants, animals, micro-organisms & ecosystem they live in. " ∆} Biodiversity found on the Earth. ∆} Many millions of distinct biological species  found in the biodiversity. ∆} In biodiversity, found the interrelatedness of - Genes, Species  & Ecosystem . ∆} Conservation  & Sustainable use  of biological diversity is fundamental to ecologically sustainable development . ∆} Three levels  of biodiversity- Genes , Species  &  Ecosystem . ∆} Genetic diversity :-  #) Variation in genes, within perticular species. #) Allows species to adapt to changing environments. #) Some species survive drastic change. #) Survival of individual insures the survival of population. #) Gives us- Butterflies , Roses , Parakeets  & Coral . ∆} Species :-  #) Variety of living organisms on the earth. #) Species differ from on another. #) 98.4%  gen...

§ Animal Kingdom :- "A basic group of natural objects that includes all living & extinct animals."                               ( Easy to Understand ) A} Vertebrates :- #) Animals with backbones  & spinal columns . #) Most advanced organisms  on earth. A.1) Reptiles -    ∆] Cold blood      ∆] Dry skin      ∆] Have scaled   ∆] Lay-Eggs    ∆] 4 legs or no legs  ∆] Ear holes instead of ears. A.2) Amphibians :- ∆] Cold blood   ∆] Live on-land & water  ∆] Breath with lungs & gills     ∆] Smooth skin  ∆] Four legs   ∆] Lay Eggs A.3) Mammals  :-  ∆] Warm blood    ∆] Have hairs               ∆] Live on land   ∆] Give birth to live young once  ∆] Have four legs  ∆] Ears that stick-out ...

§ Plant Kingdom :- " A basic group of natural objects that includes all living  & extinct  plants.                           ( Easy to Understand ) § Important Floral groups found in India :- 1) Algae -  ∆} Green non-differetiated  plants (like- Root  , Stem  & Leaf  ). ∆}Grow in water  & moist situation . ∆} Presence of Chlorophyll . ∆} Fresh water algae -   Green  & Blue-Green . ∆} Marine once are - Red  & Brown . ∆} Autotrophic plants. ∆} Examples of Green-Algae :- Uluva,   Clamadomonas, Spirogyra . ∆} Examples of Red Algae  :- Porphyra , Gelidium . ∆} Examples of Brown Algae  :- Sargassum , Laminaria . 2) Fungi :-  ∆} Non-green non-differetiated plants . ∆} Absence of Chlorophyll . ∆} Grow either on - Dead, Rotten Organic Matters  as Saprophytes . ∆} Examples of Saprophytic Fungi  - Moulds  , Mushroom . ∆...