Mppsc Paper-4, Part-A, Unit-1, (Upadated 2024), §Bharthari§


§Introduction§- 1) Raja Bharthari ia also known as "Saint Bharthari".

2) Hero of many folk stories in Northern India.

3) He was a ruler of Ujjain (1st century BC) as well as became a follower of Guru-Gorakhnath.

4) There is a very famous song sung by - bards of Chhattisgarh in memory of Raja Bharthari.

5) Queen Pingala was a 3rd number wife of King Bharthari and he much loved to her.

6) King Bharthari& Queen Pingala didn't have a son & queen was very sad as a result of that.A Saint came to door of their palace one day& asked for alms. He said, "I know you are sad & I have brought some holy water for you. If you drink this water with faith, you will have a son in twelve months' time.

7) He is famous in Alwar(Rajasthan). Ashtmi is worship-day celebrate as a festival.

8) Fair of Bharthari, grouped by lakhs of peoples of -Alwar & Jaipur.

9) He has two kinds of life -1) The path of pleasure 2) Monastic Yogi.

10) His journey of philosophy initiated from Vakyapadiya.



§Linguistic Theory§
∆} Bharthari distinguishes between two forms of language -"Language-in-use" & "Analytic".

∆} The analytical/formal language came from a communicative language.





§The Shpota Theory of Language§
∆} As per him, sphota is the universal or linguistic type - sentance type or word type, as opposed to their sounds.

∆} Sphota is the final stage of articulation, when word is uttered aloud.

∆} Sphota may be characterized as - Intersubjective,
Universal Storehouse of Meaning, Ground of all linguistic activity & communication.








§Some of the crucial quotations said by King then the Saint Bharthari, given below, are-


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